Each wonderful: Aptos, Sui, Caduceus three public chain new power horizontal comment

原文标题：《 三大公链新贵对比：Aptos、Sui、Caduceus 如何蓄力下一个市场热点？ 》

Original author: WebX LABS

This article is from wechat official account:WebX laboratory

In the increasingly fast industry cycle cycle, we have witnessed the emergence and exit of a number of new and old players. Relying on the heat of the last bull market and the ecological spillover effect of Ethereum, those public chain newcomers who ambush a bear market can emerge and serve as the "foothold" of the market's expanding expectations. But at the same time, the market is currently in the big stage of the bubble deflating or bursting process.

Although the overall market sentiment is depressed, all parties have not given up looking for new support points and ambush points for the next cycle. Among them, the Layer1 circuit with the largest market space and longest value cycle has once again become the favorite of the hot market "desert". Unlike the last public chain Wars, this time around, in addition to tackling the impossibility Triangle, we also see the new generation exploring some new things in the Layer1 circuit.

Today, we're going to start withLaunch background, core features and advantages, market heat, current situationCompare the three upstart public chains: Aptos, Sui and Caduceus, which has high popularity overseas, to explore how the new generation of Web3 completes a new round of value breakthrough.

Initiate background

Sui/Aptos:The two public-chain projects date back to 2019's Libra, Facebook's (Meta's predecessor) super-sovereign digital currency project, which was eventually renamed Diem due to regulatory issues. Libra wanted to build a global blockchain Stablecoin payment system. However, Diem struggled with the project because the parent company was limited by the regulatory framework and was eventually sold. In order to continue this project, the Aptos and Sui development team decided to cut off the original Diem and Novi, and continue to develop the new public chain project based on the original Diem Move programming language framework, but there are some differences between the two directions. But both focus on solving the performance and extensibility challenges of Layer1.

Caduceus:Caduceue is different in that, although it is a Layer1 public chain, Caduceus is aiming at a business scenario rather than an industry technical problem, hoping to combine decentralized solutions with edge computing, rendering, 3D technology and XR software and hardware. It provides strong infrastructure support for metaverse application layer scenarios. When looking into the future development trend of Web3, Grayscale believes that the metauniverse is the most clear scenario for the future development of Web3 concept, and there is no blockchain infrastructure suitable for this scenario at present.

The core target

Aptos:Create universal and equitable access to decentralized assets for billions of people.

Sui:Designed to handle lightweight payment transactions between a small number of managed wallets (10 to 100+).

Caduceus:It aims to provide a highly adaptive and highly liberalized construction foundation for 3D NFT, Gamef i, AI, metaverse ecosystem, and help lower the entry threshold for metaverse participants around the world.

Team background

Aptos:Co-founder Avery Ching  From Meta, one of the world's leading experts in building distributed systems, along with   Alden Hu, Alin Tomescu, Dahlia Malkhi, David Wolinsky, Greg Nazario, Jake Skinner, Josh Lind  And many other team members made up of PHDS, researchers, engineers, designers, and strategists.

Sui:Still from Meta, it founded Mysten Labs and then launched Sui; CEO Evan Cheng is a former Novi head of R&D and Meta Director of Engineering (programming, language runtime) who worked at Apple for 10 years. CTO Sam Blackshear is a former principal engineer at Novi, focusing on the Move language. CPO Adeniyi Abiodun is a former Novi Product leader who has worked at VMware, Oracle, PeerNova, HSBC, and jpmorgan Chase. Lead scientist George Danezis is a former Novi research scientist who previously worked at Chainspace, Microsoft.

Caduceus:In contrast to the previous two project teams, which were single in senior management and technology, Caduceus team is diverse, including talents with diverse backgrounds in blockchain, DeFi, software development, finance, retail, music, art, media and entertainment. For example: Foundation Managing Principal Tim Bullman, a former senior managing director at MD Europe and BGC Partners, founded Mint Partners in 2005 and serves as CEO. Alex Tung, Consensus Algorithm Technology Lead, has over 20 years of experience in advanced technology development with expertise in gaming, mining, blockchain and consensus algorithms. Matt McGuire, Edge Rendering Technology Lead, is a technologist with extensive experience in digital innovations such as mobile telecommunications, advertising and e-commerce. Giulio Pezzulli, head of Application Extensions, is an entrepreneur and software engineer in the blockchain space, founder of AITutor and Voltaire Labs, and has experience with cryptocurrency companies such as Circle and Trustology. Jamie Khurshid, head of the incubator, was named by Financial News as one of the "Top 40 Under 40 in Trading and Technology" and "The 1000 Most Influential People in Global Financial Markets" for 2014. Ander Tsui, head of strategy, is an early crypto player with extensive investment, incubation experience and a deep understanding of the industry. From the perspective of the development needs of a Layer1 public chain project with a specific business scenario, the overall team configuration of Caduceus is more in line with the development needs. In this way, the project can achieve high-quality parallel development on multiple "threads" such as ecology, core technology, bottom layer, commercialization and financing.

Project start time

Aptos:In February of this year.

Sui:In march of this year

Caduceus:Last December,

Core positioning difference

Sui/Aptos  :It focuses on high-performance general Layer 1 blockchain and adopts PoS  The consensus mechanism. Asset security and improved performance are Aptos and Sui  The core point of focus.

Caduceus:An infrastructure level open blockchain platform specifically built for the metaverse and the decentralized digital world, using the Metagraph consensus mechanism. Compared with most public chains, which only care about the trade-off between "impossible triangle", Caduceus considers more application level issues while maintaining high performance, and provides edge rendering and many modular tools and incubation platforms for Web3 metauniverse developers and creators. It aims to provide a highly adaptive and highly liberalized construction foundation for 3D NFT, Gamef i, AI, metaverse ecosystem, and help lower the entry threshold for metaverse participants around the world.

Highlights and core technical features

Aptos:The first innovations include key rotation and recovery technology, making wallets more user-friendly. Aptos and Sui both use parallel execution to improve network performance and service throughput. The core parallel computing technology is called Block STM, and its logic is to modify data independently by parallel multithreading. If there is no conflict, the line will be very high. If there is conflict, a single transaction will be rolled back and executed after the conflicting transaction is updated. In other words, the Aptos network can execute transactions in parallel first instead of in sequence. If a transaction fails in this process, the transaction can be terminated and re-executed or discarded. The Consensus mechanism is an advanced version of HotStuff based on the Byzantine concept of fault tolerance, without going into too much technical detail.

Sui:To cope with the explosion of all-node status, users pay a storage fee in addition to the transaction fee. The minimum storage unit of a Sui is called an Object and is defined as an asset. It contains immutable assets, a single asset can only be modified by its specific owner, and a shared asset can be modified by multiple owners. The direct conversion of a single asset is directly confirmed by the client without consensus, and the consensus is invoked only for the conversion of shared assets. That is, Sui "filters" small, unimportant transactions to prevent them from taking up more resources.

Caduceus:The consensus core logic is that a node periodically shares information with neighboring nodes in the hypercube P2P network after verifying the transaction result set, and the nodes receiving the information will do the same thing. The information is confirmed by an absolute number of witnesses in the hypercube P2P network. It innovatively combines hypercube high-speed P2P network structure with directed acyclic graph DAG multi-chain transaction data structure, which can execute a large number of transactions in parallel through asynchronous consensus among large-scale decentralized nodes. Its commercial core lies in the integration of scattered GPU computing resources through incentive protocols, and the use of edge computing to provide the computing power needed for image rendering for the metauniverse, games, AI and film and television industries.

Their respective advantages

Aptos:gas can be paid in multiple currencies, avoiding the embarrassment of having only one non-gas Token in your wallet and not being able to transact.

Sui:The Gas mechanism can provide low Gas  Price and predictability, while incentivizing verifiers to optimize transaction processing and prevent DoS  Attack.

Caduceus:It adopts the multilevel distributed Metagragh structure, which has the infinite expansion and large-scale parallel processing ability beyond the ordinary block chain list data structure. Coupled with BigBang's full hardware programmable and accelerated blockchain consensus system, its parallel execution engine, and Nebula's Infinity scale block database, Caduceus can handle the processing power requirements of highly concurrent complex environments while providing a seamless edge rendering solution.

Comparison of basic performance

Developer Support

Aptos:A formal tool "Move Prover", which allows developers to quickly verify and test that their code is performing as expected, securely stores important information (tokens, smart contracts) through its native data type "resources".

Sui:Developer Kit (SDK)  Designed to optimize the developer user experience, it provides developers with open source, versatile and user-friendly tools. In addition, SDK  Will reduce the amount of time a large number of developers spend debugging smart contracts, waiting for audits, and building basic technology stack elements. The problem that Aptos and Sui have in common for developers to introduce is that even though the Move language and related programming frameworks have these and other advantages, they are not compatible with the mainstream Solidity language in the market and developers need to recode in order to deploy apps on Aptos and Sui. One is the cost of learning and the other is the problem of the opportunity cost of the massive raw accumulation behind the Solidity language.

Caduceus:In the metaverse business scenario, the development of public chain ecological projects is more complex. In order to reduce the entry threshold of developers, Caduceus should provide more comprehensive and powerful support to developers. The first is the deep modularity, which supports the rapid pluggable assembly of each underlying and development module, and the blockchain system that can quickly customize the assembly project. Another important point is a high degree of standardization including support for developer-friendly open source protocols and software source code, promoting standardization of multiple technology systems. Caduceus provides tools to support the creation of 3D game materials/models and related NFT casting trading and splitting tools. At the same time, the Caduceus Creation Platform, an open source software and hardware platform including display terminal, computing center, operating system and interface, supports large screen, charts, and various forms of interface interactive management, monitoring, operation and maintenance. With the full set of XR algorithm package and XR development suite, it seamlessly connects to mainstream productivity tools such as Unity3D VR, UE4/UE5 and Omniverse engine. More importantly, considering the current market of Ethereum's strong heritage in public chain ecology and the size of developers, Caduceus supports seamless migration of EVM and Solidity contracts and seamless interconnection of various asset protocols including ERC-20, ERC-721, ERC-1155 and ERC-998. Can quickly undertake to Taifang and the same system of ecological developers transfer.

Community scale

Aptos:225,000 followers on Twitter. There are 123,000 Discord members

Sui:85,000 followers on Twitter. Discord has 132,000 members

Caduceus:126,000 followers on Twitter. Discord members & have spent 58000

Investment institutions

Aptos:a16z, Multicoin, FTX Ventures, Jump Crypto, Tiger Capital, Katie Haun, Circle Ventures,   ParaF iCapital Oak HC/FT, Franklin Templeton, Superskrypt, GriffinGamingPartners.

Sui:a16z, Redpoint, Coinbase Ventures, Standard Crypto, Slow Ventures,   Scribble Ventures, Samsung NEXT, Electric Capital, NFX, Lightspeed VenturePartners.

Caduceus:SIG (Susquehanna International Group), Bin Zayed Group, BlockFills, Qredo, TokenInsight, Nukkleus, Digital RFQ,   Luna Venture Capital, SuperChainCapital, JackdawCapital, Luna VC. Individual investors include football legend John Terry, British sports legend Lord Ian Botham, England Rugby World Cup winner, former England captain and World Rugby Hall of Fame legend. Lawrence Dallaglio, One Van Films, a Hollywood film and television production company founded by Ivan Atkinson, and others

Ecological development

In general, the ecological development trajectory of Aptos and Sui is closer to the traditional public chain scene, while it is obvious that Caduceus focuses on the development of applications with rendering requirements, such as film and television, 3DNFT, and game entertainment. At the same time, Caduceus also established its own incubator M4TTER to further reduce the time that developers spend in the "front desk". At present, there are nearly 250,000 active addresses on Caduceus chain, and the number of ecological projects is over 60, and the expansion rate is increasing.

Compare Token economy models

Aptos:

Token: APT

Supply: Initial total supply of 1 billion pieces, distribution ratio: community 51.02%, core contributors 19%, foundations 16.5%, investors 13.48%. The main part of the community foundation is the tokens used for Grants, incentives and other community development programs. At present, these tokens are mainly held by the Aptos Foundation and Aptos Labs. Some of them have been allocated to Aptos Ecology's projects, but have not been released yet. On the whole, this part of tokens will be released in 10 years. It is worth noting that the community part of tokens is not for the majority of user communities. In addition to the two ways of trading and airdrop, users and ordinary investors have no access to APT.

The core contributor and investor part of the Token will not be released in the first 12 months, 1/16 Token will be unlocked every month after the 13th month after the start of the main network, divided into 6 months to release. The rest of the release began in the 19th month and was completed in 29 months. The application scenarios and value explanations for APT tokens are yet to be announced

Sui:

Token: SUI

Supply: fixed supply 100  Million; The Token is not released. Procedure SUI  A portion of the total supply will be released at the launch of the main network, and the remaining tokens will be allocated as equity incentive subsidies in the coming years. No deflation/combustion mechanism

Caduceus:

Token: CMP

Supply: Fixed supply 1 billion: 9% from core contributors, 15% from investors, 20% from LABS, 6% from foundations, and the rest from mining. No deflation/combustion mechanism

The development of dynamic

Aptos:The developer Testnet will be released on 15 March, with 4 rounds of incentive Testnet, starting AIT1 (decentralized launch) in May, AIT2 (pledge) in July, AIT3 (governance and upgrade) in 30 August, and AIT4 (Dynamic Validator topology) to be determined. At present, the main network has been online and the first round of community air drops have been launched simultaneously.

Sui:The incentive test network was just launched in August. According to the roadmap, the Testnet will be divided into four waves, three of which have been themed: Network, Pledge, and Upgrade.

Caduceus:In December last year, the open test network was launched; Blockchain and distributed Rendering and Edge cloud Computing Hackathons were held in March; The main network was officially launched in April; In May, it partnered with 3D NFT fashion brand HAPE, with internationally renowned lawyer Sir Alan Kitchin as strategic adviser; In June, it partnered with Bin Zayed Group, a leader in construction, real estate and business experiences, to bring Dubai into people's homes using VR technology for Twin Cities Metaverse; In July Native Token CMP went live on top exchanges Bybit and Gate, working with Lord Botham to bring cricket into the metaverse, World Cup winning rugby legend. Lawrence Dallaglio  Formally joined as strategic advisor. Gentlemenvan Atkinson  in August; A famous film production company. One Van Films reaches a strategic partnership to bring movies into the metaverse. In September, native Token CMP launched kucoin, a top transaction, and Wintemute, a top liquidity provider, officially joined caduceus to provide long-term services.

conclusion

Compared with Sui and Aptos, which focus on solving the impossible triangle problem faced by the main chain, Caduceus chooses to provide comprehensive support for all kinds of facilities in the future metauniverse. Other tools and public chains can do the same product upgrade in the same direction, and achieving fundamental iteration is the inevitable trend of public chain track upgrade. Aptos endorsement and Sui luxury team background and capital to some extent walked up to the present market expectations of inflation, but only around performance and scalability of the narrative can go how long we don't know, especially in the etheric fang has been completed to the PoS network switch under the premise of development for chain looking for more direction or more DaTiLiang market segment, It may be one of the solutions to refresh the value ceiling of the public chain, which is also the core anchor of Caduceus' future development expectation.

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